Characteristics Of An Entrepreneur From The Sbo - 1859 Words

Differentiating the Entrepreneur from the SBO Differentiating a SBO (small business owner) and an entrepreneur can be difficult as most people would instinctively view them as one in the same. There are similarities between them as they both require a lot of significant hard work and dedication in the initial stages; however they are two different creatures when it comes to the operational goals and overall outcomes of their businesses. Throughout this paper we will be reviewing between characteristics of an entrepreneur and how we can differentiate between them and SBO s, and include arguments as to how these traits can or cannot be used to identify the differences. After the initial characteristics are discussed we will then go on to identify the relationship that both an entrepreneur and a small business owner have with their companies, and identify some key advantages and disadvantages for both. Discussion will carry on to identify the differences between a growth business and a lifestyle business, and whether or not an entrepreneur or SBO would be in any of these business ventures and why. Finally, at the end of the paper we will summarise the key characteristics and reasons that a differentiation between SBO’s and entrepreneurs can be made. An entrepreneur is viewed to be an individual that possesses a unique set of characteristics and abilities which embody qualities such as; freedom of spirit, creativity, vision, innovation and zeal according to Burns, P.

Analysis Of Stanley Milgram s Perils Of Obedience Essay

From the beginning, society teaches us to respect and obey all rules given to us by authoritative figures. Through the schooling process, teachers reinforce this idea by giving students orders and expecting them to listen without question. We ve learned that disobedience connotes with â€Å"being bad† when this is not necessarily the case. Many adults today still carry these teaching into their adulthood. It is no wonder why leaders such as Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin easily manipulated the minds of masses for their own personal and political agenda. Still, many questions still remain prevalent as to how an individual reaches his or her decision on obedience in a distressing environment. Inspired by Nazi trials, Stanley Milgram, an American psychologist, questions the social norm in â€Å"Perils of Obedience† (1964), where he conducted a study to test how far the average American was willing to for under the pressures of an authority figure. Milgram s study showed th at under the orders of an authoritative figure, 64% of average Americans had the capability of projecting voluntary harm on another person. Nonetheless, Diana Baumrind, an American developmental psychologist, argues in â€Å"Some Thoughts on Ethics of Research: After Reading Stanley Milgram’s Behavioral Study of Obedience† (1964), that the experiment conducted by Milgram was unethical, leaving the subjects distressed and emotionally vulnerable. Baumrind states that the subjects were inclined to follow orders due to theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Stanley Milgram s The Perils Of Obedience 2023 Words   |  9 Pages Essay #4 – Obedience and Defiance Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, conducted an experiment, which later wrote about it in â€Å"The Perils of Obedience† in 1963 to research how people obey authoritative figures and what extent a person would go inflicting pain onto an innocent person. The study involved a teacher (subject), learner (actor), and an experimenter (authoritative figure). The teacher was placed in front of a control panel labeled with electrical shocks ranging fromRead MoreThe Effects Of Deceit : A Look At The Stanley Milgram Experiment1201 Words   |  5 PagesComposition 1 29 October, 2017 Effects of Deceit: A Look At the Stanley Milgram Experiment A recent Pew poll shows there is an increasingly substantial amount of public disagreement about basic scientific facts, facts such as the human though process (Scientific American). People in today’s society believe that studies, for example the Stanley Milgram Experiments, are falsified and irrelevant. In â€Å"The Perils of Obedience† Stanley Milgram, an experienced psychologist at Yale, explains how the humanRead MoreAnalysis Of Stanley Milgram s Perils Of Disobedience 1372 Words   |  6 PagesIn Stanley Milgram’s essay, â€Å"Perils of Disobedience†, an experiment was conducted to test an individual’s obedience from authority when conflicting with morally incorrect orders. Following the conclusion of World War Two, Milgram’s essay was published in Harper’s Magazine, which appeals to a national audience and yields an array of content from different contextual backgrounds. As Milgram reports the results of his experiment, he pro vides descriptive details of many of the subjects and their behaviorsRead MoreThe Perils Of Obedience By Milgram And The Stanford Prison Experiment1207 Words   |  5 Pagesalways question the idea of obedience. Two prestigious psychologists, Stanley Milgram and Philip G. Zimbardo, conducted practical obedience experiments with astonishing results. Shocked by the amount of immoral obedience, both doctors wrote articles exploring the reasoning for the test subjects unorthodox manners. In The Perils of Obedience by Milgram and The Stanford Prison Experiment by Zimbardo, the professionals reflect their thoughts in a logical manner. Milgram s experiment consisted ofRead MoreObedience, By Stanley Milgram Tore1653 Words   |  7 Pages I. Overview Out of all the topics we have gone over the course of this class, obedience fascinates me the most. It is perplexing, thought provoking, and morally confusing. Obedience is paramount to the structure of our society yet stories of destructive obedience haunt us. From the atrocities of the Holocaust to the massacres in Vietnam we glimpse at the horrors humans are capable of. All the while, perpetrators vindicate their actions with relative ease. The justification for every genocideRead MoreAuthority And Authority1751 Words   |  8 Pagesall follow a higher authority that typically strives to provide leadership and rules, and without this, social order would not remain intact. Obedience to authority is a topic that is very open ended, leaving many to question what the effects of authority are, if people always have the inclination to obey the authority figure, and what the effects of obedience and disobedience are and how they relate. We see examples of authority everywhere. The Bible, wars, and modern society all have countless instancesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Leading and Managing in Culturally Diverse Environments - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Leading and Managing in Culturally Diverse Environments. Answer: Introduction Alibaba, founded by Jack Ma, is composed of many e-commerce businesses in the B2B, C2C, and B2C. Operating mainly in China, Alibaba has become a major player in the internet revolution of the country. With an excellent knowledge of the fragmented Chinese market, an easy-to-use, interactive and secure site, Alibaba has created a loyal customer base, mainly among small and medium sized Chinese companies seeking to expand their customer base with limited resources. Jack Ma, by his decisions, protected his company from competitors like Ebay, and now wants, thanks to an alliance with Yahoo! Expand activities in the web search market (Ellis, 2010). The rise of the internet to conduct commerce has seen a significant growth in recent years, and for the Alibaba, the brand has allowed access to products for consumers. When doing business via the internet is important to develop cultural profiles to determine customer needs and wants which Alibaba has tracked through consumer purchase and habits. The importance of effective communication is vital when communicating across culture (Peppard, 2016). Alibaba has crafted an active communication channel as the messages to the consumer are decoded as they have been encoded. It is in the second stage of the communication process that can be influenced by feedback in the form of cultural influences precisely attitudes, values and beliefs. Alibaba has recognized the role culture plays in effective marketing and has met the consumer desires of offering low cost, available goods. One of the main reasons why Alibaba has been so successful is due to their cultural sensitivity when developing onli ne marketing material and conducting business. Conclusion Communication is therefore considered to be a major issue when it comes to any business and commerce activities across cultures. People need to have a mutual understanding to enable satisfaction amongst the parties involved. Alibaba has paved the way for cultural recognition by engaging diverse cultures in their operations and giving an equal chance to all. The organization has worked in the lines of developing proper communication channels across all its networks (Peppard, 2016) Consumers are now able to purchase goods and agree to the terms and conditions more effectively as their views are considered, They are also able to give feedback concerning their satisfaction with the products purchased and services offered, Through these activities, Alibaba can advance more on their online interactions as they already know their strengths and weaknesses. Alibabas success is therefore based on their cultural diversity and sensitivity in the sectors of business and especially online marketin g. Any company that considers growth as the primary agenda should, therefore, ensure that they involve all aspects of communication within its operations to give consumers a free interaction (Ellis, 2010). The best way that many multinational companies are conducting businesses is having representations from all over the world. In this way, they can bring services closer to the consumers and in a manner that each party is satisfied. Advertisers and online marketers should also be from the particular region to enable a healthy relationship with the customers with the brand. Proper communication equals to a good turnout in the sectors of purchase and brand development. All organization should, therefore, emulate Alibaba and develop their cultural considerations and communication channels (Ellis, 2010). References Ellis, N. (2010). Business to business marketing: Relationships, networks and strategies. Oxford University Press. Peppard, J. . (2016). The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. . John Wiley Sons.

Pepsi Company free essay sample

Its brands include Quaker Oats, Tropicana, Gatorade, Lays and Pepsi? —? are household names that stand for quality throughout the world. As a global company, they also have strong regional brands such as Walkers, Gamesa and Sabritas. Independently or through contract manufacturers, they both make market and sell a variety of convenient, enjoyable and wholesome foods and beverages in over 200  countries. Their portfolio includes oat, rice and grain-based foods, as well as carbonated and non-carbonated beverages. The largest operations of PepsiCo are in North America (United  States and Canada), Mexico, Russia and the United  Kingdom. However, this paper analysis PepsiCo internally and externally using different matrices and approaches besides it identifies what PepsiCo follows in their business and finally this paper implements and evaluates the strategies that were formulated from SOWT,BCG,SPACE,SFE and IE and end with our analysis of PepsiCo strategy in competing globally. Phase One I. Background PepsiCo Company is making a lot of things like lime water and fresh drinks and nuts, it was invented by Caleb Bradham of New Bern, North Carolina was a pharmacist in 1893. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like many pharmacists at the turn of the century, he had a soda fountain in his drugstore, where he served his customers refreshing drinks, that he created himself. His most popular beverage was something he called Brads drink made of carbonated water, sugar, vanilla, rare oils, and Pepsin and cola nuts. After seventeen years of success, and in 1910 Caleb Bradham lost Pepsi Cola. He had gambled on the fluctuations of sugar prices during W. W. I, believing that sugar prices would continue to rise but they fell instead leaving Caleb Bradham with an overpriced sugar inventory. Pepsi Cola went bankrupt in 1923. And Came back after 5 year in1928, Megargel reorganizes his company as the National  Pepsi-Cola Company, becoming the fourth parent company to own the Pepsi trademark, and in1931 Megargel reorganizes went bankrupted and it was the second bankruptcy in Pepsi Company history. In 1931, the Loft Candy Company Loft president, Charles G. Guth who reformulated the popular soft drink, bought Pepsi Cola. Guth struggled to make a success of Pepsi and even offered to sell Pepsi to the Coca-Cola Company, who refused to offer a bid. In 1932 it was introduced in Argentina, and 1934 Pepsi begins selling a 12-ounce bottle for five cents, the same price charged by its competitors for six ounces, and in1934 it was introduced in the Soviet Union, in 1940 Pepsi makes advertising history when it makes the first advertising jingle broadcast nationwide, as Nickel, Nickel became a hit record and been translated to 55 language, and in 1964 Pepsi diet is introduced in Pepsi advertising and in 1966 Pepsi diet has its own advertising as it was taking to the customer about the low calorie cola. There are many competitors the market like Coca-Cola, Birel; they have over 185,000 employees working in 200countries. i. Snack food Market Dominance Many of PepsiCo’s other products continued to dominate their markets in the 1990s. Sales of Frito-Lay products accounted for about 40 percent of PepsiCo’s total profits. By the mid-1990s Frito-Lay products made up more than half of the U. S. market for snack chips, and the company owned eight of the top ten chip brands. In 1995 U. S. consumers bought the company’s original potato chip brand, Lay’s, at a rate of 4. kg (10 lb) a second. The company’s leading product, Dorito’s tortilla chips, was the best-selling salty snack (packaged) food in America in the mid-1990s. Salty snack foods include chips, pretzels, and nuts, as opposed to nonsalty snack foods such as cookies and cakes. In 1994 Frito-Lay began producing several baked and low-fat versions of some of their snack foods—such as Baked Lays potato chips and Baked Tostitos tortilla chips—which soon dominated the company’s sales growth. ii. Recent Developments By the mid-1990s, PepsiCo’s restaurant business consisted of 28,000 outlets worldwide, more than were owned by any other company. The company also supplied its own restaurants through a separate division, PepsiCo Food Systems (PFS). In 1997, PepsiCo sold PFS. In addition, that year, PepsiCo spun off its restaurant chains to form a new company. The move enabled PepsiCo to focus on its beverages and snack foods. In 2001, PepsiCo acquired The Quaker Oats Company, a food and Beverage Company. iii. Competition Since this research is about PepsiCo soft drinks, i. e. everages industry in Egypt the main competitors operate in a very competitive environment such as Coca- Cola Company, Schweppes and Dr Pepper. There is also significant competition from private label competitors. In 1994, Coca-Cola beverages held 25% of the soft drink market share. Coca-Cola and Pepsi were determined to regain their market share and were partaking in price wars. They reduced their price as much as 25%, w hich put coca cola in a difficult position. It is also harmful for Coca-Cola to partake in such activities because they could potentially decrease their total sales revenue. It is very important for Coca-Cola to maintain a healthy market share because of the flat nature of the soft drink market. Growth in this industry comes from increasing your market share. Coca-Cola was first sold at the soda fountain in Jacobs Pharmacy in Atlanta. During the first year, sales of Coca-Cola averaged nine drinks a day, adding up to total sales for that year of $50. Today, products of The Coca-Cola Company are consumed at the rate of more than one billion drinks per day in over 200 countries. In 1993, Coca-Cola was losing market share to the cheaper private label firms, but reacted quickly with a new marketing program, new technologies and packaging in 1994. The intense competition results in downward pressures on the price. Dr Pepper, the oldest major soft drink in America, continues its 125th Anniversary celebration with the release of Dr Pepper made with real sugar in six collectible cans, inspired by the beloved brand’s rich history. Consumers can enjoy the 23 flavors of Dr Pepper in this new packaging beginning in early July through early September. However, in chapter two a detailed analysis of PepsiCo competitors in such matrices, models and graphs like porters model, strategic groups and Completive profile matrix (CPM). * David, F. , Ali, A. amp; Al-Aali, A. (2011). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases, Arab World ed. PP. 22-32: Pearson Education limited. ISBN: 978-1-4082-5567-4 * Coca-Cola. (2010). Annual Report. * 2012. PepsiCo. retrieved from http://download-reports. blogspot. com/2011/08/total-quality-management-benchmarking. html * 2012. Dr Pepper. Retrieved from http://www. rpeppersnapple. com. Pepsi Company has a lot of Products Such As I. Carbonated Soft Drinks For Example : Miranda Orange, Miranda – Strawberry, Mountain Dew, Mountain Dew Voltage, Pepsi, Pepsi MAX, Pepsi Wild Cherry, Mug Cream Soda, Tropicana Twister Soda. II. Energy Drinks For Example : AMP Energy, AMP Energy – Elevate, AMP Energy – Lightning, AMP Energy – Overdrive. III. Fruit Flavored Beverages For Example : SoBe En ergize Mango Melon, SoBe Energize Power Fruit Punch, And SoBe Energize Citrus Energy. IV. Juice amp; Juice Drinks For Example : V. Dole plus – Apple, Dole Plus Fruit Punch, Lipton Brisk Fruit Punch, Lipton Brisk Lemonade, Ocean Spray Apple Juice, Ocean Spray Blueberry Juice Cocktail, Tropicana Orangeade. VI. Sports Drinks For Example : Gatorade Prime – Berry, Gatorade Prime Fruit Punch, Gatorade Cool Blue, G2 – Grape, G2 – Orange. VII. Waters For Example : Aquafina, Aquafina Flavor Splash – Grape, Propel Zero – Berry; Propel Zero Black Cherry, SoBe Lifewater Orange Tangerine, SoBe Lifewater Strawberry Kiwi. * PepsiCo. (2011). Annual Report: the power of PepsiCo : Sandy Alexander Inc. www. pepsico. com * 2012. PepsiCo. etrieved from http://www. pepsico. com/Brands. html PepsiCo believes being a responsible corporate citizen is not only the Right Thing to do, but the Right Thing to do for PepsiCos business. II. PepsiCos Vision PepsiCos responsibility is to continually improve all aspects of the world in which we operate -environment, social, economic creating a better tomorrow than today. PepsiCos vision is put into action through programs and a focus on environmental stewardship, activities to benefit society, and a commitment to build shareholder value by making PepsiCo a truly sustainable company. Vision Statement Evaluation According to the business vision and mission chapter which is from David, Ali amp; Al-Aali (2011), the vision is defined as simple combined words expresses Companys future with no a specific timeframe. However, PepsiCos current vision has no doubt that it is good and acceptable besides it is not associated with time frame in an passionate way besides many reasons push PepsiCo to have vision such as the effective performance of PepsiCo within the environment across North America to Middle East by increasing awareness of critical issues in every society. This program is called Performance with Purpose. * David, F. , Ali, A. amp; Al-Aali, A. (2011). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases, Arab World ed. PP. 22-32: Pearson Education limited. ISBN: 978-1-4082-5567-4. * 2012. PepsiCo. Retrieved from http://download-reports. blogspot. com/2011/08/total-quality-management-benchmarking. html III. PepsiCo Mission Statement PepsiCos mission is to be the worlds premier consumer Products Company focused on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and the communities in which we operate. In addition, in everything we do, we strive for honesty, fairness and integrity. Table(01):Evaluation Matrix of PepsiCo Mission Statement| Customer| Yes| Consumer Products Company, Investors Business Partners And Communities| Services/Products| Yes| Convenient Foods amp; Beverages, Financial rewards| Technology| No| PepsiCos did not mention anything about technology used. Market| Yes| Worlds Premier| Concern for survival, growth and profitability| Yes| We Provide Opportunities For Growth And Enrichment| Self Concept| No| PepsiCos did not mention anything related to self-concept. | Philosophy| Yes| We Strive For Honesty, Fairness And Integrity. | Concern for employees| Yes| We Provide Opportunities for Growth amp; enrichment to Our employees| Concern for public image| No| PepsiCos did not mention any thing related to public image. | Interpretation After having a look at its mission statement and analyzing it through above table by indentifying separately the components of PepsiCos mission statement, we found 6 out of 9 components that PepsiCos mission statement had which makes the statement is acceptable and no need to change as it satisfy all the requirements and appears simple specific statement. * David, F. , Ali, A. amp; Al-Aali, A. (2011). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases, Arab World ed. PP. 22-32: Pearson Education limited. ISBN: 978-1-4082-5567-4. * 2012. PepsiCo. retrieved from http://download-reports. blogspot. om/2011/08/total-quality-management-benchmarking. html IV. PepsiCos Long -Term Objectives * At PepsiCo, Performance with Purpose means delivering sustainable growth by investing in a healthier future for people and our planet. As a global food and beverage company with brands that stand for quality and are respected household names—Pepsi-Cola, Lays, Quaker Oats, Tropicana and Gatorade, to name but a few—we will continue to build a portfolio of enjoyable and healthier foods and beverages, find innovative ways to reduce the use of energy, water and packaging, and provide a great workplace for our associates. Additionally, PepsiCo respect, support and invest in the local communities where we operate, by hiring local people, creating products designed for local tastes, and partnering with local farmers, governments and community groups. V. PepsiCo s Short -Term Objectives Besides, of PepsiCo objectives about rewards and recognition of our people, PepsiCo executive compensation programs are tied to their short and long-term metrics. 1/3 of their annual bonus is bas ed on the delivery of strategic objectives, which are largely linked to human, environmental, and talent sustainability. Credit Ratings Our objective is to maintain credit ratings that provide us with ready access to global capital and credit markets at favorable interest rates. On February 24, 2010, Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s) lowered the corporate credit rating of PepsiCo and its supported subsidiaries and the rating of PepsiCo’s senior unsecured long-term debt to Aa3 from Aa2. Financing Activities During 2010, net cash provided by financing activities was $1. 4  billion, primarily reflecting proceeds from issuances of long-term debt of $6.   billion, mostly in connection with our acquisitions of PBG and PAS, and net proceeds from short-term borrowings of $2. 5  billion. These increases were largely offset by the return of operating cash flow to our shareholders through share repurchases and dividend payments of $8. 0  billion. Investing Activities During 2010, net cash used for investing activities was $7. 7  billion, primarily reflecting $3. 2  billion for net capital spending, $2. 8  billion of net cash paid in connection with our acquisitions of PBG and PAS, and $0.   billion of cash paid in connection with our manufacturing and distribution agreement with DPSG. We also paid $0. 5  billion to acquire WBD American Depositary Shares in the open market * 2012. PepsiCo. retrieved from http://www. pepsico. com/Purpose/Performance-with-Purpose. html VI. PepsiCos Values PepsiCos Values amp; Philosophy are a reflection of the socially and environmentally responsible company we aspire to be. They are the foundation for every business decision we make. VII. PepsiCo Commitment: To deliver sustained growth through empowered people acting with responsibility and building trust. VIII. PepsiCos Statements amp; Polices As one of the world’s leading food and beverage companies, public policy affects PepsiCo’s ability to operate a successful business, and continue to provide shareholder value. For this reason, we believe that active participation in public policy is essential and appropriate for companies in open societies. * PepsiCo. (2011). Annual report: the power of PepsiCo : Sandy Alexander Inc. retrieved from http://www. pepsico. com * 2012. PepsiCo. retrieved from http://www. pepsico. com/Purpose/Performance-with-Purpose. tml To demonstrate transparency, PepsiCo has adopted a variety of statements and policies that are publicly available on our website below. * Caramel Coloring * Political Contributions Policy * Political Contributions and Public Policy: Process, Transparency, Trade Associations, and Priorities * Human Rights Policy * Responsible Research Statement * Animal Testing Policy * Genetically Modified Food and Ingredient Policy Mor eover, PepsiCo has adopted strict corporate standards that govern our operations and ensure accountability for our actions. Such policies cover areas of Corporate Governance, Human Sustainability, Environmental Sustainability and Talent Sustainability. Selected policies are discussed in detail below. * Human Sustainability Policies Quality amp; Food Safety Programs Responsible Marketing Healthcare Reform * Environmental Sustainability Policies PepsiCo is committed to being an environmentally responsible corporate citizen. We express that commitment in our Environmental Policy and other policies related to Environmental Compliance and Sustainability, a few of which are described in more detail below. PepsiCo’s Environmental Policy Sustainable Agriculture Policy Sustainable Packaging Policy * PepsiCo . (2011). Performance with Purpose: The Promise of PepsiCo Sustainability Summary 2010. retrieved from http://www. pepsico. com/Purpose/Overview/Policies. html * PepsiCo. (2011). Annual report: the power of PepsiCo : Sandy Alexander Inc. retrieved from http://www. pepsico. com/Company/Corporate-Governanc e/Policies. html * Talent Sustainability Policies Code of Conduct Human Rights Workplace Policy HIV/AIDS IX. Why should you work with PepsiCo? (Strengths) PepsiCos Values amp; Philosophy are a reflection of the socially and environmentally responsible company we aspire to be. They are the foundation for every business decision we make. Guiding Principles PepsiCo must always strive to: * Care for customers, consumers and the world we live in. * Sell only products we can be proud of. * Speak with truth and candor. * Balance short term and long term. * Win with diversity and inclusion. * Respect others and succeed together. * Performance with Purpose Blaze new trails. Never settle for second best. Succeed together, celebrate and do something bigger. That is what performing with purpose is all about. Around the world, we are committed to giving people the taste they crave and the nutrition they need. We dream globally and act locally-constantly innovating to sustain our planet, our people, our communities and our business practices. New markets mean new ways of doing business, and new ways of addressing health concerns, cultural differences and environmental challenges. Every day is an adventure, and an opportunity for personal and professional growth. * Together We Win We are driven to win. Outperforming ourselves is a rush. We are strong individualists who thrive on collaboration. To us, it’s all about respect for one another’s unique traits, backgrounds, perspectives and experiences. Our teams reflect the diversity of our consumers and our communities, breaking down barriers, shattering glass ceilings and winning awards. Our Employee Resource Groups are proof-positive that inclusion is a way of life at PepsiCo. In addition, get this. We actually care about you as a person. Not just the â€Å"you† that shows up to work every day. However, the â€Å"you† that goes home to your loved ones and out into your community. We get that greatness spreads. That at some point work skills and life lessons merge, and at that point, everyone’s expectations are blown out of the water. It’s called personal satisfaction. Only everyone wins. * Real World Leadership We have hired 300,000 entrepreneurs, dreamers, doers, rainmakers and shakers. Every minute of every day on the job, we encourage them to be the best at whatever they’re doing and whoever they are. Stretch assignments, ea7rly responsibility, job rotations and awesome mentors are just part of what makes the real world at PepsiCo an unbeatable training ground. Want proof? * PepsiCo . (2011). Performance with Purpose: The Promise of PepsiCo Sustainability Summary 2010. retrieved from http://www. pepsico. com/Purpose/Overview/Policies. html X. PepsiCos Social Responsibility In 2011-Egypt, Optimism, joy, hope and love are all parts of the logo for Pepsi’s latest advertising campaign, â€Å"Express Yourself,† which has been launched in an effort to finance new community and social development projects to be undertaken by the non-governmental organization (NGO), Alashanek Ya Balady (AYB). Among [AYB’s] activities is supporting profitable projects that can progressively provide a boost to the economy,† says Maryam al-Safty, the organization’s communications manager. Though Pepsi has financed several charitable development programs before, Samir says that this is the first time it will market special products specifically for fund-raising purposes. â€Å"We decided to take to streets this time to urge people to participate more, and see them happy to get something in return for their charitable participation,† explains Samir. * 2012. Egypt Independent Newspaper. retrieved from http://www. egyptindependent. com/news/pepsi-aids-fund-raising-project-positive-advertising * 2012. Gomhuria Online . retrieved from http://gomhuriaonline. com/main. asp? v_article_id=41864 In 2011 -USA, * PepsiCo Named Top Food and Beverage Company in 2011 Dow Jones Sustainability Index PepsiCo is ranked as the number one company in the Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes (DJSI). Food and Beverage Super sector, the only company based in the United States to earn a top ranking in the 19 super sectors assessed. PepsiCo was also named the beverage sector leader for the third consecutive year. PepsiCo has now been named a member of the Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index six times and the World Index five times. The DJSI is comprised of companies across all industries that outperform their peers in numerous sustainability metrics, including economic, environmental and social criteria such as corporate governance, environmental reporting, corporate citizenship and philanthropy, and talent attraction and retention. In 2010-USA, * PepsiCo Launches Groundbreaking Pilot Program to Reduce Carbon Footprint of Tropicana One year after PepsiCo and the Carbon Trust launched an innovative partnership that began with certifying the carbon footprint of Tropicana Pure Premium ® orange juice, Tropicana is announcing a groundbreaking pilot program that could drastically reduce its lifecycle carbon footprint and have a dramatic impact on the broader agricultural landscape for orange growers and producers of other agricultural products. When Tropicana measured the carbon footprint of its Pure Premium ® products lifecycle, it discovered that the largest single source of carbon emissions – approximately 35 percent – was fertilizer use and application for the growing process. To tackle this issue head-on, PepsiCo and its Florida suppliers are testing multiple creative approaches using reduced-carbon fertilizers. In conclusion, PepsiCo’s promise to provide a wide range of foods and beverages for local tastes; to find innovative ways to minimize our impact on the environment by conserving energy and water and reducing packaging volume; to provide a great workplace for our associates; and to respect, support and invest in the local communities where we operate. * 2012. retrieved from http://www. csrwire. com/press_releases/29124-PepsiCo-Launches-Groundbreaking-Pilot-Program-to-Reduce-Carbon-Footprint-of-Tropicana * 2012. retrieved from http://www. csrwire. om/press_releases/32877-PepsiCo-Named-Top-Food-and-Beverage-Company-in-2011-Dow-Jones-Sustainability-Index XI. Financial Ratios Analysis for the years 2008, 2009 and 2010 In this section, we are going to discuss and evaluate PepsiCos financial position by doing some time series financial ratios such as Liquidity Ratios, Activity Ratios, Debt Ratios, Profitability Ratios and Market Ratios. Each one of these ratios specialized in a speci fic area. At PepsiCo, the required data was taken from the financial statements for the years 2008, 9 and 10. In addition, we will identify each ratio for the years 2008, 2009, and 2010 with its comment, as below: Liquidity Ratios: * Current Ratio= Current Assets/Current Liabilities For Year 2008, Current Ratio =10,806/8,787=$1. 23 The firm can covers each 1$ of its current liabilities by$1. 23from its current assets. For The Year 2009, Current Ratio = 12,571/8,756=$1. 44 The firm can covers each 1$ of its current liabilities by$1. 44form its current assets. For The Year 2010, Current Ratio=17,569/15,892=$1. 11 The firm can covers each 1$ of its current liabilities by1. 11 $form its current assets. Comparing between 2008, 2009 and 2010on the current ratio, the year 2009 is better for many reasons. First, in 2010 the current liability, which is mention in balance sheet, we found that there is increase in current liabilities in 2010, such as accounts payable and accrued expenses from $6,657m in 2009 to $8,859m in 2010, which leads to decrease the current ratio in 2010. Moreover, the new investment that coca-cola made in 2010 more than 2009. In addition, the new production lines which Coca-Cola operated in different countries which is a good sign for the performance of the company. In addition, there is big jump in current maturities of long- term debt it increased from $51m in 2009 to $1,276m in 2010. The current ratio in 2010 is less than year 2009 and it is still good compared to soft drinks industry. * See tab. 02 for the summary comparison between 2008, 2009 and 2010 * Quick Ratio= Current Assets-Inventory/Current Liabilities For Year 2008, Quick Ratio = 10,806- 2,522 /8,787=$0. 94 The firm can covers each 1$ obligation of the liabilities by$0. 94 from its liquid assets. For The Year 2009, Quick Ratio = 12,571-2,618//8,756=$1. 14 The firm can covers each 1$ obligation of the liabilities by$1. 4 from its liquid assets. For The Year 2010, Quick Ratio = 17,569-3,372/15,892=$0. 90 The firm can covers each 1$ obligation of the liabilities by$0. 90 from its liquid assets. The firm can cover each 1$ obligation of the liabilities by1. 14$ from Quick assets. Comparing between 2008, 2009 and 2010 on the Quick ratio year 2010 is better, because the higher the ratio, the better the situation that’s means that the Pepsi can pay its current liabilities from its current assets (less inventory) 1. 14 times over. This is obviously a good position for the Pepsi to be in. It can meet its short- term debt obligations with no stress. Activity Ratios: * Inventory Turnover: Cost Of Goods Sold/Inventory For Year 2008, Inventory Turnover = 20,351/2,522= 8. 1 Times That means that the company can cover its inventory by8. 1 times. For The Year 2009, Inventory Turnover= 20,099/2,618=7. 7 Times That means that is can cover its inventory by 7. 7 times. For The Year 2010, Inventory Turnover= 26,575/3,372=7. 9 Times That means that it can cover its inventory by 7. 9 times The firm can cover inventory turnover by 8. 1 times, comparing between 2009, 2010 based on the inventory turnover.